Issue #1

Agricultural Profitability and Sustainability

 

 

Problem, Opportunity Statement

 

Long-run sustainability of farm businesses is dependent upon the farm management team’s ability to plan for the future and to implement and adjust those plans. Integrated planning should focus on financial management, marketing, production, business succession, environmental, community and organizational changes.

 

As farm sizes change over time to adjust to market signals, the average number of employees on each farm is growing. Furthermore, the probability of a given farm worker having a farm background is decreasing as workers are attracted from other industries. Coupled with this is the increasing number of employees from different ethnic or cultural backgrounds. Farm managers report a lack of skills necessary to manage this diverse human resource.

 

Producers have an ever-growing amount of complex information at their disposal. They could better understand the information that needs to be gathered and analyzed in their business. This requires a record keeping program as well as methods for analyzing the information.

 

Pressure on production agriculture, in the form of laws, regulations and less formal challenges, is increasing. Producers looking to make changes may deal with legal/regulatory issues related to maintaining, growing or changing enterprises. The use of production and marketing contracts is becoming more prevalent. Furthermore, enterprise specialization has led to increased use of custom operators.

 

Producers face many sources of risk that can impact cash flow, profitability and long-term profitability and sustainability. Tools such as crop insurance, forward contracting, futures and options, etc. can help to mitigate risk and stabilize farm finances.

 

An increasing number of farmers are exploring direct marketing to increase profits, leading to long-term sustainability. The skill set leading to success is often weak or lacking. Many producers do not understand the skills, the amount of time or other resources that are needed to effectively direct market products.

 

 

Subject Matter Areas

 

·        Business Planning

·        Marketing

·        Human Resource Management

·        Information Management

 

 

 

Program Titles and/or Program Topics by Subject Matter Area

 

·        Business Planning

o       Tilling the Soil of Opportunity

o       Farm Service Agency (FSA) training

o       Risk management strategies ( production, processing, marketing, human resources)

o       Crop Insurance

o       Choice of business structure

o       Agricultural law

o       Policy issues

o       Contract use

 

·        Marketing

o       Marketing of  differentiated agricultural products

o       MARKETEER (FINPACK companion software)

 

·        Human Resource Management

o       Human Resource Management

o       Interpersonal communications

 

·        Information Management

o       Business record keeping

o       Cost of production

o       Production and financial benchmarks and trend analysis

o       Financial ratios and their interpretation

o       Capital investment analysis

o       Benchmarking

o       FINPACK

 

 

Resources

 

  • Business Planning
    • Sarah Roth
    • Jeff Hyde
    • Tilling the Soil of Opportunity
    • Greg Hanson
    • John Becker
    • Brad Hilty
    • Keystone Ag Innovation Center
    • Pennsylvania Farm Bureau
    • Local Small Business Development Centers
    • Small Business Administration
    • Financial Analysis Tool that is applicable to any PA farm enterprise*
    • Funding for instructor certification of Tilling the Soil instructors*
    • FINPACK:  Spreadsheet to analyze investment profitability*
    • Partial budgeting, machinery cost, and enterprise analysis worksheets*

 

  • Differentiated Products
    • Keystone Agricultural Innovation Center
    • Lynn Kime
    • John Berry
    • Dennis Wolnick (Horticulture Faculty)
    • St. Joseph’s University Faculty
    • Leo Dunn (PDA, promotes PA Preferred program)
    • Tom Murphy
    • Steve Bogash
    • Pennsylvania Retail Farm Market Association
    • Pennsylvania Farm Vacation Association
    • Keystone Development Center
    • Rodale Institute

 

  • Human Resource Management

o       Rich Stup

o       Jim Beierlein

o       Smeal College of Business*

o       Programs jointly dealing with family/business issues (PA Farm Link identifies this as important)*

o       Cornell Publications

o       More people doing this*

 

  • Information Management

o       Brad Hilty

o       Greg Hanson

o       Jay Harper

o       Agricultural Alternatives

o       Jeff Hyde

o       Pennsylvania Farm Bureau

o       Farm Credit Associations

o       FINPACK

o       Benchmarks across commodity/product lines*

 

  • Law and Policy

o       John Becker

o       Agricultural Law Center

o       Alyssa Dodd

o       Charlie Abdalla

o       Ginny Ishler

o       Bob Graves

o       Sarah Roth

o       Pennsylvania Farm Bureau

o       Penn Ag

o       Extension specialists in production of vertically integrated commodities (hogs, poultry, vegetable, fruits)*

o       Neil Hamilton & his book (Drake University)

o       Keystone Development Center

 

  • Risk Management

o       Ken Bailey

o       Jay Harper

o       Jim Dunn

o       Guy Metzler

o       Tom Murphy

o       John Berry

o       Gene Gantz (RMA employee housed at PDA)

o       Marketeer (FINPACK Product)

o       Brokerage house as a partner*

o       Dairy Coop as a partner*

 

 

Indicators

 

  • Number of participants demonstrating increase in subject knowledge (across all program areas).
  • Number of participants who develop risk management plans.
  • Number of participants who adopt new risk management practices.
  • Number of participants who develop a business plan.
  • Number of participants who implement decision making tools.
  • Number of participants who perform market research.
  • Number of participants who develop written human resource management policies.
  • Number of participants who adopt new or updated business information practices.
  • Number of participants who develop written policies or contracts based on business goals.